What is a Solid-state battery?

In the power battery market, liquid lithium batteries currently dominate the world. Solid-state battery is considered by many industry insiders as the subversive next generation power battery, which is expected to become the mainstream of the development of new energy vehicles in the future. There is even a prediction on the market that “the day when Solid-state battery is popularized, it is the time when fuel vehicles withdraw from the stage of history.”

So is the current lithium battery not easy to use? The development of batteries has a history of nearly 200 years. As the most common lithium-ion battery in electric vehicles today, its high working voltage, fast charging and discharging characteristics, long cycle life, no memory effect, and many other advantages are the reasons why it is widely used in digital products and electric vehicles. However, at the same time, there are obstacles that are difficult to overcome: the structural characteristics of batteries limit their performance, which is also the fundamental reason for battery aging and safety hazards.

In order to solve these hidden dangers, battery enterprises generally choose the gradual development route of “from liquid to semi-solid to solid”, of which semi Solid-state battery has started small batch loading this year. However, due to many technical problems and cost problems, all Solid-state battery are still in the stage of accelerated research and development, and some industry insiders predict that commercialization will be achieved after 2030.

From the current situation, the energy density of liquid battery is close to the theoretical limit, so the development of Solid-state battery is the only way to technological innovation of lithium battery industry. Compared with the existing liquid batteries, Solid-state battery belong to the next generation of super batteries that are comprehensively upgraded. The most remarkable feature of Solid-state battery is its ultra-high energy density and ultra-high safety performance. According to industry estimates, the upper limit of energy density of liquid lithium battery is 350Wh/kg, while that of semi Solid-state battery is more than 350Wh/kg. All Solid-state battery eliminates electrolyte and adopts polymer/oxide/sulfide system as solid electrolyte, so the energy density can reach more than 500Wh/kg.